MCM sonar technology :: essays research papers

ABSTRACTSearching for mines is a time consuming and relatively hazardous motion that is heavily weighted in the favour of the miner if the defending force has not prepared the battlespace beforehand. In simple terms, if the environment in which the enemy is potential to launch a mine attack is known, and the defending forces are familiar with the sink in conditions then the enemy mines are more easily localised and by and by eliminated. The method of achieving this familiarity with the environment is known by a descend of terms but most commonly use is Q- highway Survey or just Route Survey. From the introduction of minehunting sonars in the 60s Navies have been interested in developing databases of the minelike bottom objects with theareas that they may operate the battlespace. These efforts have been plagued by a number of fundemental equipment and philosophical problems. Apart from the difficulties faced with precisely positioning the mine-like objects on the bottom the gen eral navigation and plotting accuracies of the vessels was very poor. This contributed to so great a lack of self-confidence by succeeding vessel commanders about the validity of the database of bottom objects that the databases invariably failed. The failure of a MCM database is catastrophic for the defenders, after an attack, as it means that all bottom objects would need to be reinvestigated to prove they were not mines.Even in moderately cluttered bottom conditions such as in harbours or approaches where there may be 300-400 objects per kilometer of 600m wide channel the investigation and discrimination of all these objects would involve a speed of advance for the dedicated minehunting vessel of less than iodine knotThere had to be a more efficient way. In the early 80s the sidescan sonar systems were being supplemented by the fabulously decent 286 computers. This allowed the sonar signal to be digitised, displayed on a screen and recorded to magnetic medium then stored.This opened the way for the sidescan sonar to be used to define the battlespace. The first generation systems have done a quite good job of achieving the aims when employed by efficient, well trained crews. However, this has been the exception kinda than the rule, and the quality of the data so far collected probably less than optimum. In addition the storage of this early data was invariably based on the basis of positioning all the minelike contacts geographically and a consequent lack of care with storage of the original sonar data.